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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforPreparationofPressedPowderWhiteReflectanceFactorTransferStandardsforHemisphericalandBi-DirectionalGeometries
【原文标准名称】:半球状和二维几何形状压制粉末白色反射系数转换标准的准备用标准实施规范
【标准号】:ASTME259-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E12.02
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:验收检验;覆层;材料;光学;涂料;纸;准备;工艺;参考材料;反射;试验
【英文主题词】:bi-directionalopticalmeasuringsystem;hemisphericalopticalmeasuringsystem;integratingsphere;materialstandards;reflectanceandreflectivity;transferstandards
【摘要】:Allcommercialreflectometersmeasurerelativereflectance.Theinstrumentreadingisthereflectancefactor,theratioofthelightreflectedbyareferencespecimentothatreflectedbyatestspecimen.Thatratioisdependentonspecificinstrumentparameters.Nationalstandardizinglaboratoriesandsomeresearchlaboratoriesmeasurereflectanceoninstrumentscalibratedfrombasicprinciples,therebyestablishingascaleofabsolutereflectanceasdescribedinCIEPublicationNo.44(2).Thesemeasurementsaresufficientlydifficultthattheyareusuallylefttolaboratoriesthatspecializeinthem.Astandardthathasbeenmeasuredonanabsolutescalecouldbeusedtotransferthatscaletoareflectometer.Whilesuchproceduresexist,theconstraintsplacedonthemechanicalpropertiesrestrictthesuitabilityofsomeopticalproperties,especiallythosepropertiesrelatedtothegeometricdistributionofthereflectedlight.Thus,reflectancefactorstandardswhicharesufficientlyruggedandabletobecleaned,departconsiderablyfromtheperfectdiffuserinthegeometricdistributionofreflectedradiance.Thegeometricdistributionofreflectedradiancefromapressedpowderplaqueissufficientlydiffusetoprovideadependablecalibrationofadirectional-hemisphericalreflectometer.Althoughpressedpowderstandardsaresubjecttocontaminationandbreakage,thedirectional-hemisphericalreflectancefactorofpressedpowderstandardscanbesufficientlyreproduciblefromspecimentospecimenmadefromagivenlotofpowder,soastoallowonetoassignabsolutereflectancefactorvaluestoallthepowderinalot.Thispracticedescribeshowtopreparewhitereflectancefactorstandardsfromapowderinamannerthatallowsastandardizinglaboratorytoassigntheabsolutescaleofreflectancetotheplaque.1.1Thispracticecoversproceduresforpreparingpressedpowdertransferstandards.Thesestandardscanbeusedinthenear-ultraviolet,visibleandnear-infraredregionoftheelectromagneticspectrum.ProceduresforcalibratingthereflectancefactorofmaterialsonanabsolutebasisarecontainedinCIEPublicationNo.44().Pressedpowderstandardsareusedastransferstandardsforsuchcalibrationsbecausetheyhaveahighreflectancefactorthatisnearlyconstantwithwavelength,andbecausethegeometricdistributionofreflectedfluxresemblesthatfromtheperfectreflectingdiffuser.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesinparenthesesareforinformationonly.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:A26
【国际标准分类号】:17_180_20
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Contractprocedureforbuildingworks;partC:generaltechnicalspecificationsforbuildingworks;caststoneworks
【原文标准名称】:VOB建筑工程主管承包条例.第C部分:建筑工程通用技术合同规程(ATV).混凝土建筑工程
【标准号】:DIN18333-1992
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1992-12
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:合同;元部件;混凝土块;石;施工材料;铸石;毛石;性能规范;会计;建筑工程;设计;规范(审批);建筑合同;建筑;建筑工程承包条例;性能;承包条例;附加性能;施工作业;铸石工程
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:P02
【国际标准分类号】:7350
【页数】:9P;A4
【正文语种】:德语